A recent study has revealed that just 10 micrograms of traffic-derived PM2.5 particles per day may be enough to harm the liver, potentially increasing the risk of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease. This finding sheds light on the harmful impact of traffic air pollution on our health, beyond its known effects on the lungs.
Air Pollution and Fatty Liver Disease
Fatty liver disease, also known as hepatic steatosis, is the most common liver disorder worldwide, often caused by an unhealthy lifestyle. Traditionally, factors like poor diet, lack of exercise, and excessive alcohol consumption are known to contribute to this condition. However, the latest research indicates that exposure to environmental pollutants, especially traffic air pollution, could also play a significant role in the development of fatty liver.
Impact of Traffic Air Pollution on the Liver
The study, conducted by researchers from the University of Technology Sydney, found that inhaling traffic-related PM2.5 particles can negatively affect liver function. PM2.5 particles are tiny enough to enter the bloodstream through the lungs, where they accumulate in the liver, a vital organ responsible for filtering toxins. Lead author Professor Hui Chen emphasized that, while air pollution is commonly associated with lung damage, it also impacts the liver by accumulating harmful substances like heavy metals such as arsenic, lead, and nickel.
The Study's Findings and Health Implications
The research, published in the Journal of Environmental Sciences, exposed mice to 10 micrograms of PM2.5 particles daily. The team monitored the effects over 12 weeks, observing significant changes in liver function. After just 8 weeks, disruptions in normal metabolic processes were noticeable. By week 12, 64 liver proteins had changed, many of which were linked to fatty liver disease and immune system dysfunction.
Exposure to these harmful particles increased liver inflammation and promoted the formation of scar tissue. Additionally, the study found elevated levels of harmful fats in the liver, including triglycerides, which could further exacerbate liver damage. These findings underline the importance of addressing traffic air pollution not only for lung health but also to prevent liver-related diseases.